NUCLEAR WINTER (CONFLICT)

NUCLEAR WINTER

Figure below (Figure 1), from the following publication:

Here's How Bad a Nuclear War Would Actually Be | TIME (in English)

An important aspect covered in this article is "Black Smoke" (black soot or soot smoke), which is toxic and carcinogenic and is generated independent of radiation.

Nuclear winter and its effects can last for more than ten years.

It is expected that the Southern Hemisphere, which includes Brazil, even in the event that nuclear war would be limited when compared to the Northern Hemisphere.

It is obvious that it is important to choose your home, (and acquire or preserve) a point of protection or refuge carefully and based on science and realistic probabilities.

It is obvious that the above challenges will not come on their own (Figure 2), this because some challenges are announced already by WHO and its representatives (Mike Ryan), independently of the additional challenges and provocations caused by nuclear impacts and or accidents. 

Here is another recent publication with comparable conclusions regarding nuclear impacts:

Science: A nuclear winter would 'devastate' Australia | New Scientist (in English)

Would a "nuclear winter" affect the "Southern Hemisphere"?

The "Southern Hemisphere" wouldn't experience major climatic change.

manual extract made by us (authors of this page):

Substantial nuclear winter:
This scenario, following full-scale nuclear war, involves catastrophic consequences for the Northern Hemisphere: freezing temperatures, widespread fallout, pollution, ozone depletion and disrupted precipitation.

manual extract made by us  (authors of this page)(more complete):

...

1. Nominal nuclear winter:
   The authors deem this class of nuclear winter a low-end possibility for a full-scale nuclear war involving the detonation of between 6,000 and 12,000 nuclear weapons.
   Survivors would endure dark skies, widespread drought, fallout and global temperature drops of 18.3 degrees F (10 degrees C) in the Northern Hemisphere.
   Noon sunlight would be only one-third what it was before the war. In the following months, these clouds would dissipate, and the sun would seem to burn hotter than before.
   Because nuclear blasts would have destroyed much of the ozone layer, greater quantities of solar radiation would reach the Earth's surface.
   The Southern Hemisphere wouldn't experience major climatic change.
   
   

2. Substantial nuclear winter:
   This scenario, following full-scale nuclear war, involves catastrophic consequences for the Northern Hemisphere: freezing temperatures, widespread fallout, pollution, ozone depletion and disrupted precipitation.
   Imagine a deeply overcast day — now imagine those conditions persisting for years.
   Green plants would barely receive enough sunlight for photosynthesis, affecting global food production.
   Crops would fail, billions of humans would die, species would go extinct and while humanity would likely survive, civilization as we know it might not. Damage to the Southern Hemisphere would depend on the number of detonations below the equator.

3. Severe nuclear winter:
   In this scenario, less than 1 percent of the sun's light makes it to the Earth's surface for a period of months, resulting in temperature drops around the globe and insufficient light for photosynthesis. In addition to widespread famine and pollution, Sagan and Turco predict that agricultural production would be reduced to levels not seen since the Dark Ages.
   
   

4. Extreme nuclear winter:
   In this worst-case scenario, based on the conditions in 1990, nearly all the world's nuclear weapons are deployed.
   
   

5. The result would be utter darkness at noon.
   Much of the planet's life would perish within the chilly confines of this black, atmospheric tomb.

That said, nuclear winter is very much a theory — and a controversial one at that.
However, nuclear winter research, like that being done by the Global Catastrophic Risk Institute, continues to reveal possible outcomes.
Next, we'll look at how the theory has evolved and where it stands today.

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(for the complete article, please visit the article by clicking the recent next link :

What would nuclear winter be like? | HowStuffWorks 

Updated: Aug 28, 2023 )